Scale Overview
The Children’s Depression Inventory – CDI was developed by Maria Kovacs (1985). It is designed to measure Depression. The scale is intended for use with Children and adolescents (ages 7-17).
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 26 items organized into 5 factors/subscales: Negative Mood, Interpersonal Problems, Ineffectiveness, Anhedonia, Negative Self-Esteem.
| Factor / Subscale |
Items |
N |
| Negative Mood |
1,6,8,9,10,12 |
6 |
| Interpersonal Problems |
11,21,26 |
3 |
| Ineffectiveness |
3,14,22,23 |
4 |
| Anhedonia |
4,15,16,17,18,19,20,24 |
8 |
| Negative Self-Esteem |
2,5,7,13,25 |
5 |
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a custom response format.
Response anchors: 0 = Absence of symptom, 1 = Mild symptom, 2 = Severe symptom.
The scale includes 13 reverse-scored items to reduce acquiescence bias.
Scoring
Items are summed to produce a total score.
Total scores range from 0 to 52. Interpretation guidelines:
- Normal / Average: 0 – 19
- Clinically Significant Depressive Symptoms: 20 – 52
Psychometric Properties
Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of Cronbach's alpha ranges from 0.71 to 0.89.
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 15 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.