Bullying Participant Behaviors Questionnaire – BPBQ
Measures the frequency of different participant behaviors in bullying situations, including bully, assistant, victim, defender, and outsider roles.
Scale Development & Technical Details
Scale Overview
The Bullying Participant Behaviors Questionnaire – BPBQ was developed by Michelle K. Demaray, Kelly H. Summers, Lyndsay N. Jenkins, & Lisa D. Beckerd (2014). It is designed to measure Bullying participant behaviors. The scale is intended for use with Middle school students and adolescents.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 80 items organized into 5 factors/subscales: Bully, Assistant, Victim, Defender, Outsider.
| Factor / Subscale | Items | N |
|---|---|---|
| Bully | 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20 | 20 |
| Assistant | 21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32 | 12 |
| Victim | 33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48 | 16 |
| Defender | 49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64 | 16 |
| Outsider | 65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80 | 16 |
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a custom response format.
Response anchors: 0 = never, 1 = 1 to 2 times, 2 = 3 to 4 times, 3 = 5 to 6 times, 4 = 7 or more times.
Scoring
Items are scored by subscale, with each subscale sum representing a distinct dimension.
Total scores range from 0 to 320. Interpretation guidelines:
- Low involvement/frequency: 0 – 80
- Moderate involvement/frequency: 81 – 200
- High involvement/frequency: 201 – 320
Psychometric Properties
Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of Bully (alpha 0.88), Assistant (alpha 0.92), Victim (alpha 0.94), Defender (alpha 0.94), Outsider (alpha 0.94).
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 15 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.