Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire – 3 (BREQ-3)
Measures multidimensional behavioral regulations and self-determination in the context of exercise.
Scale Development & Technical Details
Scale Overview
The Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire – 3 (BREQ-3) was developed by David Markland, Vincent Tobin, Philip M. Wilson, Wendy M. Rodgers, Craig C. Loitz, & G. Scime (2006). It is designed to measure Exercise Motivation and Behavioral Regulation. The scale is intended for use with Adults.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 24 items organized into 6 factors/subscales: Amotivation, External Regulation, Introjected Regulation, Identified Regulation, Integrated Regulation, Intrinsic Regulation.
| Factor / Subscale | Items | N |
|---|---|---|
| Amotivation | 2,8,14,20 | 4 |
| External Regulation | 6,12,18,24 | 4 |
| Introjected Regulation | 4,10,16,22 | 4 |
| Identified Regulation | 1,7,13,19 | 4 |
| Integrated Regulation | 5,11,17,23 | 4 |
| Intrinsic Regulation | 3,9,15,21 | 4 |
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a custom response format.
Response anchors: 0 = Not true for me, 1 = 1, 2 = 2, 3 = 3, 4 = Very true for me.
Scoring
Items are scored by subscale, with each subscale sum representing a distinct dimension.
Total scores range from -24 to 24. Interpretation guidelines:
- Non-Self-Determined / Controlled Motivation: -24 – 0
- Self-Determined / Autonomous Motivation: 1 – 24
Psychometric Properties
Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of Amotivation (0.74), External (0.77), Introjected (0.71), Identified (0.77), Intrinsic (0.83), Integrated (0.89).
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 5 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.