Appraisal of Diabetes Scale (ADS)
Measures an individual's cognitive appraisal of their diabetes, including perceived control, impact, and coping.
Scale Development & Technical Details
Scale Overview
The Appraisal of Diabetes Scale (ADS) was developed by Michael P. Carey, R. S. Jorgensen, R. S. Weinstock, R. P. Sprafkin, L. J. Lantinga, C. L. Carnrike Jr., M. T. Baker, A. W. Meisler (1991). It is designed to measure Cognitive appraisal of diabetes. The scale is intended for use with Adults with diabetes.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 7 items.
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a custom response format.
Response anchors: 1 = 1 (e.g., Not at all / Totally because of me), 2 = 2 (e.g., Slightly / Mostly because of me), 3 = 3 (e.g., Moderately / Partly because of me and other factors), 4 = 4 (e.g., Very / Mostly because of other factors), 5 = 5 (e.g., Extremely / Totally because of other factors).
The scale includes 2 reverse-scored items to reduce acquiescence bias.
Scoring
Items are summed to produce a total score.
Total scores range from 7 to 35. Interpretation guidelines:
- Highly positive appraisal (good adjustment): 7 – 14
- Moderate appraisal: 15 – 25
- Negative appraisal (poor adjustment / high distress): 26 – 35
Psychometric Properties
Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of Not specified.
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 5 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.