Scale Overview
The Aging Semantic Differential – ASD was developed by Rosencranz, H. & McNevin, T. (1969). It is designed to measure Attitudes toward the aged. The scale is intended for use with Adults, students, healthcare professionals.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 32 items organized into 3 factors/subscales: Instrumental – Ineffective, Autonomous – Dependent, Acceptability.
| Factor / Subscale |
Items |
N |
| Instrumental – Ineffective |
2,3,4,6,7,12,16,18,19,22,30 |
11 |
| Autonomous – Dependent |
5,14,15,29,31 |
5 |
| Acceptability |
1,8,9,10,11,13,17,20,21,23,24,25,26,27,28,32 |
16 |
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a custom response format.
Response anchors: 1 = 1 (Far Left), 2 = 2, 3 = 3, 4 = 4 (Neutral), 5 = 5, 6 = 6, 7 = 7 (Far Right).
The scale includes 15 reverse-scored items to reduce acquiescence bias.
Scoring
Items are scored by subscale, with each subscale sum representing a distinct dimension.
Total scores range from 32 to 224. Interpretation guidelines:
- Negative Attitude: 32 – 96
- Neutral / Mixed Attitude: 97 – 160
- Positive Attitude: 161 – 224
Psychometric Properties
Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of Cronbach's alpha: 0.87.
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 8 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.