Attitudes Toward Christian Women Scale (ACWS)
Measures patriarchal Christian beliefs regarding the roles of women in the family, church, and community.
Scale Development & Technical Details
Scale Overview
The Attitudes Toward Christian Women Scale (ACWS) was developed by L. E. Postovoit (1990). It is designed to measure Patriarchal Christian beliefs. The scale is intended for use with Adult women.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 34 items organized into 5 factors/subscales: Female Physical and Emotional Independence, Female Submissiveness and Guilt, Female Innate and Demonstrated Efficacy, Martyrdom, God’s Nature.
| Factor / Subscale | Items | N |
|---|---|---|
| Female Physical and Emotional Independence | 2,3,14,22,25,28 | 6 |
| Female Submissiveness and Guilt | 6,11,12,13 | 4 |
| Female Innate and Demonstrated Efficacy | 7,8,9,15,16,17,18,33 | 8 |
| Martyrdom | 30,32 | 2 |
| God's Nature | 19,24 | 2 |
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a custom response format.
Response anchors: 1 = Strongly Disagree, 2 = Moderately Disagree, 3 = Slightly Disagree, 4 = Slightly Agree, 5 = Moderately Agree, 6 = Strongly Agree.
The scale includes 17 reverse-scored items to reduce acquiescence bias.
Scoring
Items are scored by subscale, with each subscale sum representing a distinct dimension.
Total scores range from 34 to 204. Interpretation guidelines:
- Low Patriarchal Beliefs (Egalitarian): 34 – 90
- Moderate Patriarchal Beliefs: 91 – 147
- High Patriarchal Beliefs: 148 – 204
Psychometric Properties
Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of Not reported.
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 10 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.