School-Level Environment Questionnaire – SLEQ
Measures teachers' perceptions of the psychological and social environment of their school across eight distinct dimensions.
Scale Development & Technical Details
Scale Overview
The School-Level Environment Questionnaire – SLEQ was developed by Darrell L. Fisher and Barry J. Fraser (1990). It is designed to measure School Climate / School-Level Environment. The scale is intended for use with School Teachers.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 56 items organized into 8 factors/subscales: Student Support, Affiliation, Professional Interest, Staff Freedom, Participatory Decision Making, Innovation, Resource Adequacy, Work Pressure.
| Factor / Subscale | Items | N |
|---|---|---|
| Student Support | 1,9,17,25,33,41,49 | 7 |
| Affiliation | 2,10,18,26,34,42,50 | 7 |
| Professional Interest | 3,11,19,27,35,43,51 | 7 |
| Staff Freedom | 4,12,20,28,36,44,52 | 7 |
| Participatory Decision Making | 5,13,21,29,37,45,53 | 7 |
| Innovation | 6,14,22,30,38,46,54 | 7 |
| Resource Adequacy | 7,15,23,31,39,47,55 | 7 |
| Work Pressure | 8,16,24,32,40,48,56 | 7 |
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Strongly Disagree to 5 = Strongly Agree).
The scale includes 27 reverse-scored items to reduce acquiescence bias.
Scoring
Items are scored by subscale, with each subscale sum representing a distinct dimension.
Total scores range from 7 to 35. Interpretation guidelines:
- Low perception of subscale dimension: 7 – 14
- Moderate perception of subscale dimension: 15 – 27
- High perception of subscale dimension: 28 – 35
Psychometric Properties
Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of Alpha coefficients range from 0.70 to 0.91.
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 15 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.