Teacher Involvement and Participation Scale – TIPS 2
Measures teacher involvement and shared decision-making across eight key school organizational dimensions.
Scale Development & Technical Details
Scale Overview
The Teacher Involvement and Participation Scale – TIPS 2 was developed by Russell, J. J. (1992). It is designed to measure Teacher involvement in decision making. The scale is intended for use with Teachers and school administrators.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 22 items organized into 8 factors/subscales: Goals/Vision/Mission, Standards, Curriculum and Instruction, Budget, Staffing, Operations, Facilitating Procedures/Structures, Staff Development.
| Factor / Subscale | Items | N |
|---|---|---|
| Goals/Vision/Mission | 1,2,3 | 3 |
| Standards | 4,5,6 | 3 |
| Curriculum and Instruction | 7,8,9 | 3 |
| Budget | 10 | 1 |
| Staffing | 11,12,13 | 3 |
| Operations | 14,15,16 | 3 |
| Facilitating Procedures/Structures | 17,18,19 | 3 |
| Staff Development | 20,21,22 | 3 |
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a custom response format.
Response anchors: 1 = Almost Never, 2 = Seldom, 3 = Sometimes, 4 = Frequently, 5 = Almost Always.
Scoring
Items are scored by subscale, with each subscale sum representing a distinct dimension.
Total scores range from 22 to 110. Interpretation guidelines:
- Low Involvement: 22 – 54
- Moderate Involvement: 55 – 87
- High Involvement: 88 – 110
Psychometric Properties
Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of Cronbach's alpha of 0.96 for the full 50-item scale; subscale alphas ranged from 0.71 to 0.92.
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 5 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.