Group Openness/Trust Scale – GOTS
Measures group openness and group trust based on expectations and actual behaviors within an organizational or school climate.
Scale Development & Technical Details
Scale Overview
The Group Openness/Trust Scale – GOTS was developed by C. Bulach (1993). It is designed to measure Group Openness and Group Trust. The scale is intended for use with Educators, school staff, and organizational groups.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 60 items organized into 2 factors/subscales: Group Openness, Group Trust.
| Factor / Subscale | Items | N |
|---|---|---|
| Group Openness | 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42 | 24 |
| Group Trust | 13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60 | 36 |
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Strongly Disagree to 5 = Strongly Agree).
The scale includes 8 reverse-scored items to reduce acquiescence bias.
Scoring
Items are scored by subscale, with each subscale sum representing a distinct dimension.
Total scores range from 60 to 300. Interpretation guidelines:
- Low Openness/Trust: 60 – 140
- Moderate Openness/Trust: 141 – 220
- High Openness/Trust: 221 – 300
Psychometric Properties
Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of Split-half reliability (Spearman-Brown) was 0.80 for group openness and 0.82 for group trust..
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 15 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.