Internal-External Locus of Control Scale – I-E Scale
Measures generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement.
Scale Development & Technical Details
Scale Overview
The Internal-External Locus of Control Scale – I-E Scale was developed by Julian B. Rotter (1966). It is designed to measure Locus of Control. The scale is intended for use with Adults and adolescents.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 29 items organized into 2 factors/subscales: Locus of Control, Filler.
| Factor / Subscale | Items | N |
|---|---|---|
| Locus of Control | 2,3,4,5,6,7,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17,18,20,21,22,23,25,26,28,29 | 23 |
| Filler | 1,8,14,19,24,27 | 6 |
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a custom response format.
Response anchors: a = Option A, b = Option B.
Scoring
Items are summed to produce a total score.
Total scores range from 0 to 23. Interpretation guidelines:
- Internal Locus of Control (Higher tendency toward internal control): 0 – 11
- External Locus of Control (Higher tendency toward external control): 12 – 23
Psychometric Properties
Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of 0.70.
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 15 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.