Connecticut School Effectiveness Questionnaire (CSEQ)
Measures seven key organizational characteristics of effective school environments based on teacher perceptions.
Scale Development & Technical Details
Scale Overview
The Connecticut School Effectiveness Questionnaire (CSEQ) was developed by Villanova, R. M., et al. (1984). It is designed to measure School Effectiveness. The scale is intended for use with Educators and teachers.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 97 items organized into 7 factors/subscales: Safe and Orderly Environment, Clear School Mission, Instructional Leadership, High Expectations, Opportunity to Learn and Time-On-Task, Frequent Monitoring of Student Progress, Home-School Relations.
| Factor / Subscale | Items | N |
|---|---|---|
| Safe and Orderly Environment | 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 | 9 |
| Clear School Mission | 10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25 | 16 |
| Instructional Leadership | 26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49 | 24 |
| High Expectations | 50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63 | 14 |
| Opportunity to Learn and Time-On-Task | 64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73 | 10 |
| Frequent Monitoring of Student Progress | 74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82 | 9 |
| Home-School Relations | 83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97 | 15 |
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a custom response format.
Response anchors: 1 = Strongly Disagree, 2 = Disagree, 3 = Undecided, 4 = Agree, 5 = Strongly Agree.
Scoring
Items are scored by subscale, with each subscale sum representing a distinct dimension.
Total scores range from 97 to 485. Interpretation guidelines:
- Low School Effectiveness Climate: 97 – 242
- Moderate School Effectiveness Climate: 243 – 339
- High School Effectiveness Climate: 340 – 485
Psychometric Properties
Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of Alpha coefficients: 0.87 (Safe and Orderly Environment), 0.90 (Clear School Mission), 0.93 (Instructional Leadership), 0.55 (Expectations), 0.66 (Opportunity to Learn), 0.77 (Monitoring Student Progress), 0.89 (Home/School Relations).
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 25 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.