Scale Overview
The Drivers of Urban Public Transportation Adoption in the Post-COVID-19 Era – Model (DUPTA-M) was developed by Muhammad Azfar Anwar, Amandeep Dhir, Fauzia Jabeen, Qingyu Zhang, Ahmad Nabeel Siddiquei (2023). It is designed to measure Drivers of urban public transportation adoption. The scale is intended for use with Adults (public transportation consumers).
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 24 items organized into 7 factors/subscales: Regulative environment, Affordability, Hygiene concern, Choice uncertainty, Green self-identity, Normative environment, Switching intentions towards public transport.
| Factor / Subscale |
Items |
N |
| Regulative environment |
1,2,3,4 |
4 |
| Affordability |
5,6,7 |
3 |
| Hygiene concern |
8,9,10 |
3 |
| Choice uncertainty |
11,12,13,14 |
4 |
| Green self-identity |
15,16 |
2 |
| Normative environment |
17,18,19,20 |
4 |
| Switching intentions towards public transport |
21,22,23,24 |
4 |
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Strongly Disagree to 5 = Strongly Agree).
Scoring
Items are scored by subscale, with each subscale sum representing a distinct dimension.
Psychometric Properties
Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of Composite Reliability (CR) ranged from 0.72 to 0.95.
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 6 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.