Multicultural Masculinity Ideology Scale – MMIS (Behavior Subscale)
Measures behavioral adherence to traditional masculine roles and ideologies across diverse cultural perspectives.
Scale Development & Technical Details
Scale Overview
The Multicultural Masculinity Ideology Scale – MMIS (Behavior Subscale) was developed by Brian D. Doss, J. Roy Hopkins (1998). It is designed to measure Masculinity Ideology. The scale is intended for use with Adults and adolescents.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 35 items organized into 10 factors/subscales: Respect and Chivalry, Emotional Control, Homophobia and Affection, Sexual Prowess, Aggression, Family Provider, Self-Reliance, Toughness and Risk-taking, Status and Success, Athleticism.
| Factor / Subscale | Items | N |
|---|---|---|
| Respect and Chivalry | 1 | 1 |
| Emotional Control | 2,9,15,21,32 | 5 |
| Homophobia and Affection | 3,7 | 2 |
| Sexual Prowess | 4,8,11,18,20,23,27,31,34 | 9 |
| Aggression | 5,13,22 | 3 |
| Family Provider | 6,24,25 | 3 |
| Self-Reliance | 10,35 | 2 |
| Toughness and Risk-taking | 12,17,29,33 | 4 |
| Status and Success | 14,16,19,26,28 | 5 |
| Athleticism | 30 | 1 |
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Strongly Disagree to 5 = Strongly Agree).
The scale includes 11 reverse-scored items to reduce acquiescence bias.
Scoring
Items are scored by subscale, with each subscale sum representing a distinct dimension.
Total scores range from 35 to 175. Interpretation guidelines:
- Low adherence to traditional masculine behaviors: 35 – 87
- Moderate adherence to traditional masculine behaviors: 88 – 122
- High adherence to traditional masculine behaviors: 123 – 175
Psychometric Properties
Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of Varies by subscale and cultural group.
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 10 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.