Elementary School Success Profile – Parent Version (ESSP-Parent)
A multi-dimensional parent-report instrument designed to assess the social environmental assets and barriers of elementary school students across home, school, and neighborhood contexts.
Scale Development & Technical Details
Scale Overview
The Elementary School Success Profile – Parent Version (ESSP-Parent) was developed by Gary L. Bowen & Jack M. Richman (2002). It is designed to measure Social environmental assets and barriers in elementary school children. The scale is intended for use with Parents of elementary school children.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 73 items organized into 13 factors/subscales: Neighborhood Support, Neighborhood Safety and Trust, Neighborhood Youth Behavior, Teacher Support, Parent School Involvement, Home Academic Support, Parenting Limits, Child Peer Relations, Child Self-Regulation, Child Aggression, Parental Warmth, Family Cohesion, Sibling Relations.
| Factor / Subscale | Items | N |
|---|---|---|
| Neighborhood Support | 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 | 7 |
| Neighborhood Safety and Trust | 8,9,10,11 | 4 |
| Neighborhood Youth Behavior | 12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21 | 10 |
| Teacher Support | 22,23,24 | 3 |
| Parent School Involvement | 25,26,27,28,29,30 | 6 |
| Home Academic Support | 31,32,33,34,35,36 | 6 |
| Parenting Limits | 37,38,39,40 | 4 |
| Child Peer Relations | 41,42,43,44,45,46 | 6 |
| Child Self-Regulation | 47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55 | 9 |
| Child Aggression | 56,57,58,59 | 4 |
| Parental Warmth | 60,61,62,63,64 | 5 |
| Family Cohesion | 65,66,67,68,69,70 | 6 |
| Sibling Relations | 71,72,73 | 3 |
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a custom response format.
Response anchors: Never = Never, Rarely = Rarely, Sometimes = Sometimes, Often = Often, Very Often = Very Often, Always = Always, Strongly Disagree = Strongly Disagree, Disagree = Disagree, Agree = Agree, Strongly Agree = Strongly Agree.
The scale includes 12 reverse-scored items to reduce acquiescence bias.
Scoring
Items are scored by subscale, with each subscale sum representing a distinct dimension.
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 20 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.