Scale Overview
The Risk Aversion Measure – RAM was developed by Cable, D. M., & Judge, T. A. (1994). It is designed to measure Risk Aversion. The scale is intended for use with Adults.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 8 items.
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a 5-point Likert scale (1 = Strongly Disagree to 5 = Strongly Agree).
The scale includes 1 reverse-scored items to reduce acquiescence bias.
Scoring
Item scores are averaged to produce a mean score.
Total scores range from 1 to 5. Interpretation guidelines:
- Low Risk Aversion (Risk Seeking): 1 – 2
- Moderate Risk Aversion: 2 – 3
- High Risk Aversion: 3 – 5
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 3 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.