School Mindfulness Scale – M-Scale
Measures the degree of mindfulness in a school's organizational climate, focusing on principal and teacher behaviors.
Scale Development & Technical Details
Scale Overview
The School Mindfulness Scale – M-Scale was developed by Wayne K. Hoy, C. Q. Gage, & C. J. Tarter (2004). It is designed to measure School Mindfulness. The scale is intended for use with School teachers and administrators.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 14 items.
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a custom response format.
Response anchors: 1 = Strongly Disagree, 2 = Disagree, 3 = Somewhat Disagree, 4 = Somewhat Agree, 5 = Agree, 6 = Strongly Agree.
The scale includes 7 reverse-scored items to reduce acquiescence bias.
Scoring
Items are summed to produce a total score.
Total scores range from 14 to 84. Interpretation guidelines:
- Low School Mindfulness: 14 – 37
- Moderate School Mindfulness: 38 – 60
- High School Mindfulness: 61 – 84
Psychometric Properties
Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of 0.88.
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 5 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.