Self-Efficacy and Externality Scales – I-SEE
Measures self-efficacy (internal locus of control and personal competence) and externality (control by powerful others and chance events).
Scale Development & Technical Details
Scale Overview
The Self-Efficacy and Externality Scales – I-SEE was developed by G. Krampen (1988). It is designed to measure Self-efficacy and Locus of Control. The scale is intended for use with Adolescents and adults.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 32 items organized into 4 factors/subscales: Self-Efficacy: Internal, Self-Efficacy: Own Competence, Externality: Powerful Others Control, Externality: Chance Control.
| Factor / Subscale | Items | N |
|---|---|---|
| Self-Efficacy: Internal | 1,5,6,11,23,25,27,30 | 8 |
| Self-Efficacy: Own Competence | 4,8,12,16,20,24,28,32 | 8 |
| Externality: Powerful Others Control | 3,10,14,17,19,22,26,29 | 8 |
| Externality: Chance Control | 2,7,9,13,15,18,21,31 | 8 |
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a custom response format.
Response anchors: 1 = strongly disagree, 2 = moderately disagree, 3 = slightly disagree, 4 = slightly agree, 5 = moderately agree, 6 = strongly agree.
The scale includes 4 reverse-scored items to reduce acquiescence bias.
Scoring
Items are scored by subscale, with each subscale sum representing a distinct dimension.
Total scores range from 8 to 48. Interpretation guidelines:
- Low Subscale Score: 8 – 20
- Moderate Subscale Score: 21 – 35
- High Subscale Score: 36 – 48
Psychometric Properties
Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of Not specified in source text.
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 10 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.