Elementary School Success Profile – Parent Version (ESSP-P) – Child Behavior and Social Skills Scales
Measures parent-reported child social skills, self-regulation, and aggressive behavior to assess school readiness and social-behavioral adjustment.
Scale Development & Technical Details
Scale Overview
The Elementary School Success Profile – Parent Version (ESSP-P) – Child Behavior and Social Skills Scales was developed by Gary L. Bowen & Jack M. Richman (2004). It is designed to measure Child Social Skills, Self-Regulation, and Aggressive Behavior. The scale is intended for use with Parents of elementary school children.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 19 items organized into 3 factors/subscales: Peer Relations, Self-Regulation, Aggressive Behavior.
| Factor / Subscale | Items | N |
|---|---|---|
| Peer Relations | 1,2,3,4,5,6 | 6 |
| Self-Regulation | 7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15 | 9 |
| Aggressive Behavior | 16,17,18,19 | 4 |
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a custom response format.
Response anchors: 0 = Never, 1 = Rarely, 2 = Sometimes, 3 = Often, 4 = Very Often, 5 = Always.
The scale includes 7 reverse-scored items to reduce acquiescence bias.
Scoring
Items are scored by subscale, with each subscale sum representing a distinct dimension.
Total scores range from 0 to 95. Interpretation guidelines:
- High Risk / Low Adjustment: 0 – 30
- Moderate Adjustment: 31 – 65
- High Adjustment / Positive Social Skills: 66 – 95
Psychometric Properties
Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of Cronbach's alpha ranges from 0.75 to 0.88 for subscales.
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 5 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.