Family Cohesion Scale – FACES II
Measures the degree of emotional bonding, closeness, and supportiveness among family members.
Scale Development & Technical Details
Scale Overview
The Family Cohesion Scale – FACES II was developed by David H. Olson, Joyce Portner, & Richard Q. Bell (1982). It is designed to measure Family Cohesion. The scale is intended for use with Families (adolescents and adults).
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 16 items.
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a custom response format.
Response anchors: 1 = Almost never or never, 2 = Once in a while, 3 = Sometimes, 4 = A lot of the time (frequently), 5 = Almost always or always.
The scale includes 6 reverse-scored items to reduce acquiescence bias.
Scoring
Items are summed to produce a total score.
Total scores range from 16 to 80. Interpretation guidelines:
- Disengaged (Low Cohesion): 16 – 35
- Separated (Low to Moderate Cohesion): 36 – 50
- Connected (Moderate to High Cohesion): 51 – 65
- Enmeshed (Very High Cohesion): 66 – 80
Psychometric Properties
Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of Not specified in source text.
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 5 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.