Family Empowerment Scale – FES
Measures empowerment in families whose children have emotional, behavioral, or physical disabilities across family, service system, and community/political levels.
Scale Development & Technical Details
Scale Overview
The Family Empowerment Scale – FES was developed by Paul E. Koren, Neal DeChillo, & Barbara J. Friesen (1992). It is designed to measure Family Empowerment. The scale is intended for use with Parents and caregivers of children with emotional, behavioral, or physical disabilities.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 34 items organized into 3 factors/subscales: Family, Service System, Community/Political.
| Factor / Subscale | Items | N |
|---|---|---|
| Family | 2,4,7,9,16,21,26,27,29,31,33,34 | 12 |
| Service System | 1,5,6,11,12,13,18,19,23,28,30,32 | 12 |
| Community/Political | 3,8,10,14,15,17,20,22,24,25 | 10 |
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a custom response format.
Response anchors: 1 = Not True at all, 2 = Mostly not True, 3 = Somewhat True, 4 = Mostly True, 5 = Very True.
Scoring
Items are scored by subscale, with each subscale sum representing a distinct dimension.
Total scores range from 34 to 170. Interpretation guidelines:
- Low Empowerment: 34 – 79
- Moderate Empowerment: 80 – 125
- High Empowerment: 126 – 170
Psychometric Properties
Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of Cronbach's alpha ranges from .87 to .88 for the subscales.
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 10 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.