Parenting Scale – PS
Measures dysfunctional parenting discipline practices in parents of young children.
Scale Development & Technical Details
Scale Overview
The Parenting Scale – PS was developed by Arnold, D. S., O’Leary, S. G., Wolff, L. S., & Acker, M. M. (1993). It is designed to measure Dysfunctional parenting discipline practices. The scale is intended for use with Parents of children (toddlers to pre-adolescents).
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 30 items organized into 3 factors/subscales: Laxness, Overreactivity, Verbosity.
| Factor / Subscale | Items | N |
|---|---|---|
| Laxness | 7,8,12,15,16,19,20,21,24,26,30 | 11 |
| Overreactivity | 3,6,9,10,14,17,18,22,25,28 | 10 |
| Verbosity | 2,4,7,9,11,23,29 | 7 |
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a custom response format.
Response anchors: 1 = 1 (Strongly agree with left statement), 2 = 2, 3 = 3, 4 = 4 (Neutral), 5 = 5, 6 = 6, 7 = 7 (Strongly agree with right statement).
The scale includes 14 reverse-scored items to reduce acquiescence bias.
Scoring
Items are scored by subscale, with each subscale sum representing a distinct dimension.
Total scores range from 1 to 7. Interpretation guidelines:
- Effective Parenting Style: 1 – 2
- Borderline Dysfunctional Parenting Style: 2 – 3
- Clinical / Dysfunctional Parenting Style: 3 – 7
Psychometric Properties
Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of Alpha ranges from .63 to .84 for subscales.
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 10 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.