Courage to Challenge Scale – CCS

Q: How many questions does the Courage to Challenge Scale – CCS have?

The Courage to Challenge Scale – CCS contains 18 items and takes approximately 5 minutes to complete.

Q: How is the Courage to Challenge Scale – CCS scored?

Scores range from 18 to 126. Interpretation levels: Low Hardiness (18-54), Moderate Hardiness (55-90), High Hardiness (91-126).

Q: Is the Courage to Challenge Scale – CCS free?

Yes, this assessment is completely free. You will receive your results immediately after completion, with an optional AI-powered personalized interpretation.

Mohammed looti

Scale Development & Technical Details

Scale Overview

The Courage to Challenge Scale – CCS was developed by Smith, M. S., & Gray, S. W. (2009). It is designed to measure Hardiness. The scale is intended for use with LGBT adults.

Scale Structure

This instrument consists of 18 items.

Response Format

Respondents rate each item using a custom response format.

Response anchors: 1 = Strongly Disagree, 2 = Disagree, 3 = Mildly Disagree, 4 = Neutral, 5 = Mildly Agree, 6 = Agree, 7 = Strongly Agree.

The scale includes 1 reverse-scored items to reduce acquiescence bias.

Scoring

Items are summed to produce a total score.

Total scores range from 18 to 126. Interpretation guidelines:

Low Hardiness: 18 – 54
Moderate Hardiness: 55 – 90
High Hardiness: 91 – 126

Psychometric Properties

Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of Not specified in the source text.

Administration

The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 5 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.