Hunter Opinions and Personal Expectations Scale – HOPES-20
A 20-item self-report instrument designed to measure personal hopefulness across hope and despair dimensions.
Scale Development & Technical Details
Scale Overview
The Hunter Opinions and Personal Expectations Scale – HOPES-20 was developed by Kenneth P. Nunn, Terry J. Lewin, J. M. Walton, & Vaughan J. Carr (1996). It is designed to measure Personal Hopefulness. The scale is intended for use with Adults.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 20 items organized into 2 factors/subscales: Hope Subscale, Despair Subscale.
| Factor / Subscale | Items | N |
|---|---|---|
| Hope Subscale | 1,2,3,6,7,10,11,15,18,19 | 10 |
| Despair Subscale | 4,5,8,9,12,13,14,16,17,20 | 10 |
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a custom response format.
Response anchors: 0 = NOT At All, 1 = NOT Very Well, 2 = Moderately Well, 3 = Very Well, 4 = Extremely Well.
The scale includes 10 reverse-scored items to reduce acquiescence bias.
Scoring
Items are scored by subscale, with each subscale sum representing a distinct dimension.
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 5 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.