Perfectionism in Sport Scale – PSS

Mom or dad was happy only if my performance is outstanding.

Mom or dad expected me to be perfect in sport.

I never felt like I could meet my parents' standards.

Mom or dad never tended to criticize my performance, even after complimenting me.

I never felt like I could meet my parents' expectations.

As a child, I was punished for doing things less than perfect.

Either parent always expected excellence from me as an athlete.

Mom or dad never tried to understand the reasons for my mistakes.

My mom or dad treated me differently after winning than after losing in sport.

After winning or performing successfully, at least one of my parents pointed out something I did not do well during the competition.

Even the smallest mistake bothered me when I am competing.

I criticized myself very hard after making an error.

If I won the competition or generally performed well, I still tended to criticize myself if I have made an error.

Making a mistake, even a 'small' one, bothered me.

I felt very upset or angry if I made a physical or mental error during the contest.

I always strive for perfection in my sport performance.

When I evaluate myself as an athlete, I tend to think about my weaknesses rather than about my strengths.

Even after I win, I do not feel happy about my performance.

Neatness is very important to me.

I try to be a neat (tidy) person.

I am a neat (tidy) person.

Being organized is very important to me.

I am not an organized person.

My coach would become angry with me or punish me if I performed below his expectations.

My coach rarely compliments me on my performance.

My coach does not usually try to understand the reasons for my mistakes.

My coach usually expects me to perform perfectly.

I can rarely meet my coach's expectations of me.

No matter how well I performed, my coach asks me to perform better.

I would not refer to my coach as particularly sensitive.

Even after I perform successfully, my coach tends to point out my mistakes during competition.