Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory – Short Form (FMI-14)
A short self-report instrument measuring character-like mindfulness, focusing on presence and non-judgmental acceptance.
Scale Development & Technical Details
Scale Overview
The Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory – Short Form (FMI-14) was developed by Harald Walach, Nina Buchheld, Valentine Buttenmüller, Nils Kleinknecht, Stefan Schmidt (2006). It is designed to measure Mindfulness. The scale is intended for use with Adults.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 14 items.
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a custom response format.
Response anchors: 1 = Rarely, 2 = Occasionally, 3 = Fairly often, 4 = Almost always.
The scale includes 1 reverse-scored items to reduce acquiescence bias.
Scoring
Items are summed to produce a total score.
Total scores range from 14 to 56. Interpretation guidelines:
- Low Mindfulness: 14 – 27
- Moderate Mindfulness: 28 – 42
- High Mindfulness: 43 – 56
Psychometric Properties
Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of 0.86.
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 5 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.