Rathus Assertiveness Scale – RAS
Measures an individual's level of assertiveness and social capability in standing up for their rights.
Scale Development & Technical Details
Scale Overview
The Rathus Assertiveness Scale – RAS was developed by Spencer A. Rathus (1973). It is designed to measure Assertiveness. The scale is intended for use with Adults.
Scale Structure
This instrument consists of 30 items.
Response Format
Respondents rate each item using a custom response format.
Response anchors: 3 = Very much like me, 2 = Rather like me, 1 = Slightly like me, -1 = Slightly unlike me, -2 = Rather unlike me, -3 = Very much unlike me.
The scale includes 18 reverse-scored items to reduce acquiescence bias.
Scoring
Items are summed to produce a total score.
Total scores range from -90 to 90. Interpretation guidelines:
- Low Assertiveness: -90 – -20
- Moderate Assertiveness: -19 – 19
- High Assertiveness: 20 – 90
Psychometric Properties
Internal Consistency: The scale has demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency with reported Cronbach’s alpha values of 0.82.
Administration
The scale is self-administered and typically takes approximately 10 minutes to complete. It can be administered individually or in group settings. No special training is required for administration.