Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder Diagnostic Inventory (CSBD-DI)

Abstract

The Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder Diagnostic Inventory (CSBD-DI; Grubbs et al., 2023) is a screening assessment designed to identify symptoms of compulsive sexual behavior disorder (CSBD). Its development was guided by a comprehensive review of existing measures of out-of-control sexual behavior, as well as the proposed diagnostic criteria for CSBD from the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) and hypersexual disorder (HD) from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – 5 (DSM-5). This review involved three doctoral-level subject-matter experts.

The resulting instrument is a 9-item measure that assesses the presence of symptoms over the past 6 months. Among these items, six reflect symptoms common to both CSBD and HD, one item is unique to CSBD criteria, and two items are specific to HD criteria. Initial data collection for the first study involved community samples from Malaysia, the U.S., Hungary, and Germany. The second study gathered data from nationally representative samples in the U.S., Poland, and Hungary. The distributions of item endorsements were generally similar across all four samples, with the exception of items 8 and 9. The developers reported on the test’s reliability, validity, and invariance. The items were translated into Hungarian, German, and Polish following established guidelines.

Keywords

Behavioral Addiction, Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder, Cut-Off Scores, Diagnostic Criteria, DSM-5, Hypersexual Disorder, ICD-11, Screening Tool, Sexual Addiction, Symptoms

Authors

Grubbs, Joshua B.; Reid, Rory C.; Bőthe, Beáta; Demetrovics, Zsolt; Coleman, Eli; Gleason, Neil; Miner, Michael H.; Fuss, Johannes; Klein, Verena; Lewczuk, Karol; Gola, Mateusz; Fernandez, David P.; Fernandez, Elaine F.; Carnes, Stefanie; Lew-Starowicz, Michal; Kingston, Drew; Kraus, Shane W.

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Purpose

The CSBD-DI serves as a screening assessment for symptoms related to compulsive sexual behavior disorder.

Validity

Convergent/Discriminant Validity: Across both studies and all samples, the 7-item CSBD-DI demonstrated strong psychometric qualities. This was evidenced by correlations with key behavioral indicators and longer measures of compulsive sexual behavior, supporting its validity.

Test Sensitivity/Specificity: Item endorsement was generally low in non-clinical samples, which is an expected outcome. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analyses suggested that a cutoff score of 1 or 2 should be used for further diagnostic evaluation. The decision to use a cutoff score of 1 or greater on the CSBD-DI is supported by relatively strong accuracy classification, which generally yielded reasonable sensitivity and specificity for the 7-item scale.

Reliability

Internal Consistency: With the exception of the undergraduate, Malaysian sample, all items exhibited standardized loadings of 0.47 or higher. The internal consistency indices for these samples ranged from 0.78 to 0.82. In Sample 1, all items showed standardized loadings of 0.39 or higher, and internal consistency measures were acceptable (α = 0.70, ω = 0.68).

Factor Analysis

Confirmatory Factor Analysis: The 7-item version of the scale, which excluded the coping items, demonstrated superior fit across all samples.

Measurement Invariance: This was achieved with strict/residual invariance across nationally representative samples in Poland, the U.S., and Hungary, and strong/scalar invariance across gender.

Instrument: Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder Diagnostic Inventory (CSBD-DI)

Test Type: Original Screener

Format: Respondents are instructed to select the response that best describes their experience. Items are rated on a three-point scale: “This has been true for at least 6 months during the last 12 months,” “This has been true in my lifetime but not during the last 12 months,” and “This has never been true of me.”

Language Available: English, German, Hungarian, Polish

Population Group: Human (Male, Female)

Age Group: Adulthood (18 years and older)

Population Details: Data were collected from various locations including Malaysia, the United States, Hungary, Germany, and Poland. Respondents included undergraduate students, Mturk participants, and adults.

Test Methodology: Test Validity, Convergent Validity, Discriminant Validity, Test Reliability, Internal Consistency, Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Measurement Invariance, Test Sensitivity, Test Specificity.

Keywords

Cutting Scores, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, International Classification of Diseases, Sexual Addiction, Symptoms, Diagnostic Criteria, Nonsubstance Related Addiction Measures, Psychodiagnostic Measures, Mental Health Screening

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Authors

Author ORCID Identifiers:

• Grubbs, Joshua B.: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2642-1351

• Reid, Rory C.: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5706-7749

• Bőthe, Beáta: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2718-4703

• Demetrovics, Zsolt: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5604-7551

• Klein, Verena: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5830-7991

• Lewczuk, Karol: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2437-2450

• Kraus, Shane W.: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0404-9480

Affiliation Email Addresses:

• Grubbs, Joshua B.: Bowling Green State University, [email protected]

• Reid, Rory C.: University of California Los Angeles

• Bőthe, Beáta: Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières

• Demetrovics, Zsolt: ELTE Eötvös Loránd University Institute of Psychology

• Coleman, Eli: University of Minnesota

• Gleason, Neil: University of Washington

• Miner, Michael H.: University of Minnesota

• Fuss, Johannes: University of Duisburg-Essen

• Klein, Verena: University of Southampton School of Psychology

• Lewczuk, Karol: Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw

• Gola, Mateusz: University of California San Diego

• Fernandez, David P.: Nottingham Trent University

• Fernandez, Elaine F.: Independent Practice

• Carnes, Stefanie: International Institute for Trauma and Addiction Professionals

• Lew-Starowicz, Michal: Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education Department of Psychiatry

• Kingston, Drew: Royal Ottawa Health Care Group Institute of Mental Health Research

• Kraus, Shane W.: University of Nevada Las Vegas

Correspondence Address:

Grubbs, Joshua B.: [email protected]

Permissions & Fee and Test Year

Permissions: Contact Corresponding Author

Fee: No

Test Year: 2023

References

Grubbs, J. B., Reid, R. C., Bőthe, B., Demetrovics, Z., Coleman, E., Gleason, N., Miner, M. H., Fuss, J., Klein, V., Lewczuk, K., Gola, M., Fernandez, D. P., Fernandez, E. F., Carnes, S., Lew-Starowicz, M., Kingston, D., & Kraus, S. W. (2023). Assessing compulsive sexual behavior disorder: The development and international validation of the Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder Diagnostic Inventory (CSBD-DI). Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 12(1), 242–260. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.2023.00005

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Items of the Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder Diagnostic Inventory (CSBD-DI)

The CSBD-DI is a 7-item measure. No data is Available regarding the specific items themselves.