Description
Bitemporal hemianopia is a type of visual field defect that results in the loss of peripheral vision in the outer half of both visual fields. This is caused by damage to the optic chiasm, the point where the optic nerves from the two eyes cross.
n. a loss of vision, specifically in the outer halves of both the left and right visual fields. Thus, patients experience difficulty and discomfort in trying to see with both eyes. This type of partial blindness is caused by a lesion in the optic chiasm. See bitemporal hemianopsia.
Definition
Bitemporal hemianopia is defined as a visual field defect that results in the loss of vision in the outer half of both visual fields. This is caused by damage to the optic chiasm, the point where the optic nerves from the two eyes cross.
History
Bitemporal hemianopia was first described by Thomas Willis in 1664. Willis was an English physician and anatomist who is considered one of the founders of modern neuroscience.
Characteristics
The most common symptom of bitemporal hemianopia is the loss of peripheral vision in the outer half of both visual fields. This can make it difficult to see objects that are located to the side of the head. People with bitemporal hemianopia may also have difficulty judging distances and depth.
Causes
The most common cause of bitemporal hemianopia is a pituitary tumor. Other causes include aneurysms, head injuries, and multiple sclerosis.
Treatment
The treatment of bitemporal hemianopia depends on the underlying cause. If the hemianopia is caused by a pituitary tumor, surgery may be an option. In other cases, treatment may focus on managing the symptoms and preventing further vision loss.
Sources
- American Academy of Ophthalmology. (2018). Bitemporal hemianopia. Retrieved from https://www.aao.org/eye-health/diseases/bitemporal-hemianopsia
- National Eye Institute. (2019). Bitemporal hemianopia. Retrieved from https://nei.nih.gov/health/bitemporalhemianopsia
- Mayo Clinic. (2022). Bitemporal hemianopia. Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/bitemporal-hemianopsia/symptoms-causes/syc-20350994