How often it happened
1. Called and argued with you
2. Would call and hang up without answering
3. Told others you two were more intimate than you currently were
4. Spied on you
5. Threatened you with physical harm
6. Made vague warnings that bad things would happen to you
7. Accused you of “sleeping around”
8. Exposed him- or herself to you
9. Increased contact with your family members to stay involved
10. Called a radio station and devoted song requests to you
11. Showed up before or after your work
12. Cluttered your e-mail with frequent messages
13. Drove by your house or work
14. Engaged in excessive self-disclosure
15. Performed large favors for you without your request or permission
16. Constantly asked for another chance
17. Waited in a car near where you were
18. Accused you of somehow being unfaithful
19. Made exaggerated claims of his/her affection for you
20. Watched or stared at you from a distance
21. Complained to you about how you ruined her/ his life
22. Followed you while you were carrying on a walking conversation
23. Asked you if you were seeing someone
24. Waited outside your place
25. Used third parties to ‘spy’ or keep tabs on you
26. Sent you offensive photographs
27. Made obscene phone calls to you
28. Sent you unwanted cards or letters
29. Recorded conversations with you without yourknowledge
30. Warned that bad things would or might happen
31. Left notes on your car windshield
32. Told you to stop doing certain things
33. Gossiped or bragged about your relationship to others
34. Went through your private things when in your room
35. Left you written messages in or at your residence
36. Tried to argue with you in public places
37. Called at all times of the day or night to check on you
38. Knocked on your window when not expected
39. Used profanity and obscene names in reference to you
40. Sent you unwanted gifts
41. Argued with you about your relationship with other people
42. Made things up about your past relationship
43. Sent you threatening notes‚ letters‚ or messages
44. Refused to take hints that s/he wasn’t welcome
45. Showed up before or after your classes
46. Left frequent messages on your answering machine
47. Took photographs of you without your previous knowledge
48. Claimed to still be in an intimate relationship with you
49. Inappropriately touched you in an intimate way
50. Spread false rumors or gossip about you to your friends
51. Described acts of sex to you
52. Waited around near your conversation with another person
53. Constantly apologized for past wrongs done
54. Visited you at work
55. Checked up on you through mutual acquaintances
56. Followed you from place to place
57. Called you while you were working
58. Mailed or left gifts you had previously given him/her
59. Physically shoved‚ slapped‚ or hit you
60. Joined you uninvited while conversing with others
61. Forced you to engage in sexual behavior against your will
62. Damaged or destroyed property or possessions of yours
63. Broke into your home or apartment
Can you think of any relational intrusion behaviors you have experienced that are NOT on the above list? If so‚ please listthem and rate them according to the 0–4 scale:
Note: Scale can be used to assess stalking perpetrated by non-partners.
Copyright © 2004‚ Lawrence Erlbaum Associates‚ Inc. Used with permission.
- stalking perpetrated
- Violation
- Pursuit
- hyper intimacy
This instrument can be found on pages 89-92 of Measuring Intimate Partner Violence Victimization and Perpetration: A Compendium of Assessment Tools‚ available online at: http://www.cdc.gov/ncipc/pub-res/IPV_Compendium.pdf
Point values are assigned as follows:
0 = Never
1 = Once since the age of 18
2 = Rarely (i.e.‚ 2 to 4 times since the age of 18)
3 = Sometimes (i.e.‚ 5 to 9 times since the age of 18)
4 = Frequently (i.e.‚ more than 10 times since the age 18)
Items can be summed to create an overall index of stalking victimization. Subscales can also be used. The Pursuit subscale includes items 11‚ 13‚ 17‚ 24‚ 31‚ 35‚ 54‚ and 57. The Violation subscale includes items 26‚ 29‚ 47‚ and63. The Threat subscale includes items 1‚ 5‚ 6‚ 7‚ 30‚ 36‚ 39‚ 59‚ and 62. The Hyperintimacy subscale includesitems 3‚ 14‚ 19‚ 23‚ 33‚ 42‚ 44‚ 48‚ 49‚ 50‚ 51‚ 53‚ and 60. The other items did not load on a specific factor.
Higher scores are indicative of greater levels of victimization.
Cupach WR‚ Spitzberg BH. Obsessive relational intrusion: incidence‚ perceived severity‚ and coping. Violence and Victims 2000;15:357–372.
Cupach WR‚ Spitzberg BH. The dark side of relationship pursuit: from attraction to obsession and stalking. Mahwah (NJ): Lawrence Erlbaum Associates; 2004.