Demands at work
Quantitative demands (alpha .82)
· QD1 Is your workload unevenly distributed so it piles up? a +
· QD2 How often do you not have time to complete all your work tasks? a +
· QD3 Do you get behind with your work? a +*
· QD4 Do you have enough time for your work tasks? b +*
Work pace (alpha .84)
· WP1 Do you have to work very fast? a +
· WP2 Do you work at a high pace throughout the day? c +*
· WP3 Is it necessary to keep working at a high pace? c +*
Cognitive demands (alpha .74)
· CD1 Do you have to keep your eyes on lots of things while you work? a
· CD2 Does your work require that you remember a lot of things? a
· CD3 Does your work demand that you are good at coming up with new ideas? a
· CD4 Does your work require you to make difficult decisions? a
Emotional demands (alpha .87)
· ED1 Does your work put you in emotionally disturbing situations? a +*
· ED2 Do you have to relate to other people’s personal problems as part of your work? a +
· ED3 Is your work emotionally demanding? c +
· ED4 Do you get emotionally involved in your work? c +
Demands for hiding emotions (alpha .57)
· HE1 Are you required to treat everyone equally‚ even if you do not feel like it? a
· HE2 Does your work require that you hide your feelings? c
· HE3 Are you required to be kind and open towards everyone – regardless of how they behave towards you? c
Work organization and job contents
Influence at work: (alpha .73)
· IN1 Do you have a large degree of influence concerning your work? a +
· IN2 Do you have a say in choosing who you work with? a +
· IN3 Can you influence the amount of work assigned to you? a +*
· IN4 Do you have any influence on what you do at work? a +
Possibilities for development (skill discretion) (alpha .77)
· PD1 Does your work require you to take the initiative? c +*
· PD2 Do you have the possibility of learning new things through your work? c +*
· PD3 Can you use your skills or expertise in your work? c +
· PD4 Does your work give you the opportunity to develop your skills? c +
Variation of work: (alpha .5)
· VA1 Is your work varied? a
· VA2 Do you have to do the same thing over and over again? b
Meaning of work (alpha .74)
· MW1 Is your work meaningful? c +*
· MW2 Do you feel that the work you do is important? c +*
· MW3 Do you feel motivated and involved in your work? c +
Commitment to the workplace (alpha .77)
· CW1 Do you enjoy telling others about your place of work? c +
· CW2 Do you feel that your place of work is of great importance to you? c +*
· CW3 Would you recommend a good friend to apply for a position at your workplace? c +*
· CW4 How often do you consider looking for work elsewhere? b +
Interpersonal relations and leadership
Predictability (alpha .74)
· PR1 At your place of work‚ are you informed well in advance concerning for example important decisions‚ changes‚ or plans for the future? c +*
· PR2 Do you receive all the information you need in order to do your work well? c +*
Recognition (Rewards) (alpha .83)
· RE1 Is your work recognised and appreciated by the management? c +*
· RE2 Does the management at your workplace respect you? c +
· RE3 Are you treated fairly at your workplace? c +*
Role clarity (alpha .78)
· CL1 Does your work have clear objectives? c +*
· CL2 Do you know exactly which areas are your responsibility? c +
· CL3 Do you know exactly what is expected of you at work? c +*
Role conflicts (alpha .67)
· CO1 Do you do things at work‚ which are accepted by some people but not by others? c +
· CO2 Are contradictory demands placed on you at work? c +
· CO3 Do you sometimes have to do things which ought to have been done in a different way? c +
· CO4 Do you sometimes have to do things which seem to be unnecessary? c +
Quality of leadership (alpha .89)
To what extent would you say that your immediate superior:
· QL1 – makes sure that the individual member of staff has good development opportunities? c +
· QL2 – gives high priority to job satisfaction? c +*
· QL3 – is good at work planning? c +*
· QL4 – is good at solving conflicts? c +
Social support from colleagues (alpha .7)
· SC1 How often do you get help and support from your colleagues? d +
· SC2 How often are your colleagues willing to listen to your problems at work? d +
· SC3 How often do your colleagues talk with you about how well you carry out your work? d +
Social support from supervisors* (alpha .79)
· SS1 How often is your nearest superior willing to listen to your problems at work? a +*
· SS2 How often do you get help and support from your nearest superior? a +*
· SS3 How often does your nearest superior talk with you about how well you carry out your work? a +
Social community at work (alpha .86)
· SW1 Is there a good atmosphere between you and your colleagues? a +
· SW2 Is there good co-operation between the colleagues at work? a +
· SW3 Do you feel part of a community at your place of work? a +
*These questions were only addressed to respondents who were not supervisors themselves and who had a supervisor
Work-individual interface
Job insecurity (alpha .77)
· JI1 Are you worried about becoming unemployed? c
· JI2 Are you worried about new technology making you redundant? c
· JI3 Are you worried about it being difficult for you to find another job if you became unemployed? c
· JI4 Are you worried about being transferred to another job against your will? c
Job satisfaction: Regarding your work in general. How pleased are you with: (alpha .82)
· JS1 – your work prospects? e +
· JS2 – the physical working conditions? e +
· JS3 – the way your abilities are used? e +
· JS4 – your job as a whole‚ everything taken into consideration? e +*
Work–family conflict (alpha .8)
· WF1 Do you often feel a conflict between your work and your private life‚ making you want to be in both places at the same time? f +
The next three questions concern the ways in which your work affects your private life:
· WF2 Do you feel that your work drains so much of your energy that it has a negative effect on your private life? g +*
· WF3 Do you feel that your work takes so much of your time that it has a negative effect on your private life? g +*
· WF4 Do your friends or family tell you that you work too much? g +
Family–work conflict (alpha .79)
The next two questions concern the ways in which your private life affects your work:
· FW1 Do you feel that your private life takes so much of your energy that it has a negative effect on your work? g
· FW2 Do you feel that your private life takes so much of your time that it has a negative effect on your work? g
Values at the workplace
The next questions are not about your own job but about the workplace as a whole
Mutual trust between employees [horizontal trust] (alpha .77)
· TE1 Do the employees withhold information from each other? h +
· TE2 Do the employees withhold information from the management? h +
· TE3 Do the employees in general trust each other? c +
Trust regarding management [vertical trust] (alpha .8)
· TM1 Does the management trust the employees to do their work well? c +*
· TM2 Can you trust the information that comes from the management? c +*
· TM3 Does the management withhold important information from the employees? h +
· TM4 Are the employees able to express their views and feelings? c +
Justice [and respect] (alpha .83)
· JU1 Are conflicts resolved in a fair way? c +*
· JU2 Are employees appreciated when they have done a good job? c +
· JU3 Are all suggestions from employees treated seriously by the management? c +
· JU4 Is the work distributed fairly? c +*
Social inclusiveness (alpha .63)
· SI1 Are men and women treated equally at your workplace? c
· SI2 Is there space for employees of a different race and religion? c
· SI3 Is there space for elderly employees? c
· SI4 Is there space for employees with various illnesses or disabilities? c
Health and well-being
General health perception
· GH1 In general‚ would you say your health is: (Excellent‚ Very good‚ Good‚ Fair‚ Poor) i*
These questions are about how you have been during the last 4 weeks.
Sleeping troubles (alpha .86)
· SL1 How often have you slept badly and restlessly? j +
· SL2 How often have you found it hard to go to sleep? j +
· SL3 How often have you woken up too early and not been able to get back to sleep? j +
· SL4 How often have you woken up several times and found it difficult to get back to sleep? j +
Burnout (alpha .83)
· BO1 How often have you felt worn out? j +*
· BO2 How often have you been physically exhausted? j +
· BO3 How often have you been emotionally exhausted? j +*
· BO4 How often have you felt tired? J +
Stress (alpha .81)
· ST1 How often have you had problems relaxing? j +
· ST2 How often have you been irritable? j +*
· ST3 How often have you been tense? j +
· ST4 How often have you been stressed? j +*
Depressive symptoms (alpha .78)
· DS1 How often have you felt sad? j
· DS2 How often have you lacked self-confidence? j
· DS3 How often have you had a bad conscience or felt guilty? j
· DS4 How often have you lacked interest in everyday things? j
Somatic stress (alpha .68)
· SO1 How often have you had stomach ache? j
· SO2 How often have you had a headache? j
· SO3 How often have you had palpitations? j
· SO4 How often have you had tension in various muscles? j
Cognitive stress (alpha .83)
· CS1 How often have you had problems concentrating? j
· CS2 How often have you found it difficult to think clearly? j
· CS3 How often have you had difficulty in taking decisions? j
· CS4 How often have you had difficulty with remembering? j
Self-efficacy: How well do these descriptions fit you as a person? (alpha .80)
· SE1 I am always able to solve difficult problems‚ if I try hard enough. k
· SE2 If people work against me‚ I find a way of achieving what I want. k
· SE3 It is easy for me to stick to my plans and reach my objectives. k
· SE4 I feel confident that I can handle unexpected events. k
· SE5 When I have a problem‚ I can usually find several ways of solving it. k
· SE6 Regardless of what happens‚ I usually manage. K
Offensive behaviour
Sexual harassment
· SH Have you been exposed to undesired sexual attention at your workplace during the last 12 months? l +*
Threats of violence
· TV Have you been exposed to threats of violence at your workplace during the last 12 months? l +*
Physical violence
· PV Have you been exposed to physical violence at your workplace during the last 12 months? l +*
Bullying
BU Bullying means that a person repeatedly is exposed to unpleasant or degrading treatment‚ and that the person finds it difficult to defend himself or herself against it.
· Have you been exposed to bullying at your workplace during the last 12 months? l +*
Unpleasant teasing
· UT Have you been exposed to unpleasant teasing at your workplace during the last 12 months? l
Conflicts and quarrels
· CQ Have you been involved in quarrels or conflicts at your workplace during the last 12 months? l
Gossip and slander
· GS Have you been exposed to gossip and slander at your workplace during the last 12 months? m
+ “items at Medium version”; * “items at Short version”
(a) Always; Often; Sometimes; Seldom; Never/hardly ever
(b) Always; Often; Sometimes; Seldom; Never/hardly ever (reversed scoring)
(c) To a very large extent; To a large extent; Somewhat; To a small extent; To a very small extent
(d) Always; Often; Sometimes; Seldom; Never/hardly ever; Not relevant
(e) Very satisfied; Satisfied; Unsatisfied; Very unsatisfied; Not relevant
(f) Yes‚ often; Yes‚ sometimes; Rarely; No‚ never
(g) Yes‚ certainly; Yes‚ to a certain degree; Yes‚ but only very little; No‚ not at all
(h) To a very large extent; To a large extent; Somewhat; To a small extent; To a very small extent (reversed scoring)
(i) Excellent; Very good; Good; Fair; Poor
(j) All the time; A large part of the time; Part of the time; A small part of the time; Not at all
(k) Fits perfectly; Fits quite well; Fits a little bit; Does not fit
(l) Yes‚ daily; Yes‚ weekly; Yes‚ monthly; Yes‚ a few times; No
– If yes‚ with whom? (You may tick off more than one); Colleagues; Manager/superior; Subordinates; Clients/customers/patients
(m) Yes‚ daily; Yes‚ weekly; Yes‚ monthly; Yes‚ a few times; No
– If yes‚ from whom? (You may tick off more than one); Colleagues; Manager/superior; Subordinates; Clients/customers/patients
This instrument can be found at: http://journals.sagepub.com/toc/sjp/38/3_suppl & http://www.arbejdsmiljoforskning.dk/en/publikationer/spoergeskemaer/psykisk-arbejdsmiljoe
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